Breaking Down the Components of a Total Knee Replacement: Understanding the Artificial Joint Implant
What is it?
A total knee replacement, also known as a total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or worn out knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint. The artificial joint, or implant, is typically made up of three main parts: the femoral component, the tibial component, and the patellar component (knee cap).
The femoral component is the part of the implant that replaces the femur, or thigh bone. It is typically made of metal, such as cobalt chrome or titanium, and is designed to fit snugly into the end of the femur.
The tibial component is the part of the implant that replaces the tibia, or shin bone. It is also typically made of metal and is designed to sit on top of the tibia. A plastic insert, called a polyethylene, sits between the metal tibial component and femoral component, to create a smooth gliding surface.
The patellar component is the part of the implant that replaces the knee cap, or patella. It is typically made of a combination of metal and plastic and is designed to fit over the front of the knee.
It's important to note that there are different types of total knee replacement implants, and the specific components used may vary depending on the manufacturer and the patient's specific needs.
Why get one?
A total knee replacement is typically recommended for individuals who have severe knee pain and disability caused by degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-traumatic arthritis. These conditions can cause the cartilage in the knee joint to wear away, leading to bone-on-bone contact and inflammation, resulting in severe pain and limited mobility.
Other reasons for a total knee replacement can be due to a knee injury, developmental dysplasia, or a congenital disorder that affect the knee joint.
A total knee replacement can alleviate the pain and restore mobility and function in the affected knee, improving the patient's quality of life; however, it is considered a last resort option after all other non-surgical treatments such as physical therapy, medications, and weight loss have been exhausted.
Dr. Adam Kerr, PT, DPT, CNC.
Kerr Performance Inc.
Instagram: @Kerrperformance1